Arc Suppression Coil thiab Solid Grounding nyob rau hauv Fais Systems: Technical Deep Dive

Taw qhia

 

Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub, xaiv qhov tsim nyognruab nrab grounding txoj kevyog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, kev ntseeg siab, thiab tus nqi -kev ua tau zoo. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab nruab nrab muab kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv, lawv ntsib cov kev txwv nruj thaum hauv av -kev ua txhaum tam sim no dhau qhov kev tso cai.

Thaum lubcapacitive hauv av-fault tam sim notshaj qhov kev txwv ntawm ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb (30A rau 3-10 kV tes hauj lwm, 10A rau 20-60 kV tes hauj lwm), engineers yuav tsum tau txais cov kev daws teeb meem hauv av ntau dua. Ob txoj kev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog:

Arc suppression coil grounding(tseem hu ua Petersen coil grounding)

Solidly grounded nruab nrab(direct grounding)

Kab lus no muab ibkev soj ntsuam ntxaws ntxawsntawm ob txoj hauv kev, lawv cov qauv kev ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, thiab zoo tshaj plaws - siv cov xwm txheej hauv kev faib hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas lus.

2. Arc Suppression Coil Grounded System (Petersen Coil Grounding)

Dab tsi yog Arc Suppression Coil?

Ibarc suppression kauj, kuj hu ua aPetersen kauj, yog ib tug tunable inductive reactor txuas ntawm lub transformer nruab nrab point thiab hauv av. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog uathem nyiaj rau hauv av capacitive- tam sim no txhaumlos ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj inductive tam sim no uas offsets lub kaw lus capacitive tam sim no ntawm qhov chaw txhaum, yog li txo qhov seem tam sim no mus rau theem uas lub arc tuaj yeem ua tus kheej - tua.

 

Kev tsim kho thiab Cheebtsam

Lub arc suppression coil muaj cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv qab no:

Cheebtsam	Kev piav qhia	Muaj nuj nqi
Hlau tub ntxhais nrog cua qhov khoob	Laminated steel core nrog txhob txwm tsis- sib nqus sib nqus	Tiv thaiv magnetic saturation thiab xyuas kom meej cov yam ntxwv inductance
Winding (coil)	Copper winding mounted rau ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau	Muab adjustable inductance los ntawm kais -hloov mechanism
Roj tank	Muab kaw cia transformer-roj- puv enclosure	Muab rwb thaiv tsev thiab cua txias rau cov tub ntxhais thiab winding
Coj mus rhaub changer	Off-load lossis on -load tap changer	Kho tus naj npawb ntawm active winding tig mus rau tune inductance

Lub winding muajtiv taus tsawg heevthiabsiab heev reactance, uas txhais tau hais tias lub coil feem ntau muab inductive reactance nrog tsawg kawg nkaus resistive poob.

 

Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm: Inductive Compensation

Kev ua haujlwm li qub

Raws li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj, peb -theem voltages yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug, thiab covnruab nrab point displacement voltageme me heev. Yog li ntawd, tam sim no ntws los ntawm arc suppression coil yog negligible, thiab lub kauj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.

Tib -Phase Ground Fault

Thaum aib zaug -theem- mus rau - av txhaumtshwm sim, qhov nruab nrab point displacement voltage nce, ua rau tam sim no ntws los ntawm arc suppression coil. Qhov inductive tam sim no ntws los ntawm qhov chaw txhaum hauv qhovrov qab kev taw qhiamus rau lub kaw lus capacitive txhaum tam sim no.

Covresidual tam sim no ntawm qhov chaw txhaumyog vector txawv ntawm:

Capacitive tam sim no (Ic):Tsim los ntawm kev faib cov peev txheej ntawm ob qhov tsis yog - theem tsis raug

Inductive tam sim no (IL):Tsim los ntawm arc suppression coil

Thaum kho kom raug, IL ≈ Ic, thiab cov seem tam sim no raug txo kom tsawg heev -dramatically txo lub zog arcntawm qhov chaw txhaum thiab ua kom lub arc rau tus kheej - tua.

Tuning thiab Compensation Hom

Lub inductance ntawm arc suppression coil yogkho taulos ntawm kev hloov tus naj npawb ntawm active winding lem ntawm tus kais changer. Qhov no tso cai rau lub coil yuav tsum tau kho kom haum rau qhov system capacitive tam sim no.

Tshaj -Kev them nyiaj yug hom (pom zoo)

Hauvtshaj - nyiaj pab, inductive tam sim no yog teem me ntsisloj duatshaj qhov tam sim no capacitive (IL > Ic). Qhov no yog hom kev ua haujlwm nyiam vim tias:

Yog hais tias lub kaw lus capacitive tam sim nomam li nco dheev txo(piv txwv li, vim lub feeder raug kaw), lub kaw lus txav musdeb ntawm resonance, tsis nyob ze nws

Qhov no tiv thaiv kev phom sijseries resonancetej yam kev mob uas yuav ua rau overvoltage

Muab cov npoo kev nyab xeeb tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov system

Cov Nyiaj Them Tag Nrho thiab Hauv qab -Cov Nyiaj Pab

Nyiaj them tag nrho(IL=Ic): Theoretically zoo tagnrho tab sis txaus ntshai - tuaj yeem ua rau resonance overvoltage nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj

Hauv qab - nyiaj pab(IL < Ic): Tsis pom zoo - qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem thawb nws mus rau qhov muaj suab nrov

 

Thaum lub sij hawm ib zaug - theem av txhaum nyob rau hauv arc suppression coil grounded system:

Parameter	Cwj pwm
Fault theem voltage	Poob rau xoom
Tsis yog -fault theem voltage	Nce mus rau √3 × theem voltage (kab - rau - kab voltage)
Peb -phase kab voltage	Tseem symmetrical thiab tsis hloov
Fault tam sim no ntawm fault point	Tsawg heev (tsuas yog qhov seem tam sim no)
Arc cwj pwm	Tej zaum nws tus kheej -tuag vim tsis tshua muaj tam sim no

Vim lubpeb-phase kab voltage tseem sib luag, lub kaw lus tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib ntus -tab sis tsis pub dhau 2 teev. Lub sijhawm txwv no tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nrhiav thiab cais qhov txhaum thaum tswj kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv.

Qhov zoo ntawm Arc Suppression Coil Grounding

Tus kheej -extinguishing arcs:Cov nyiaj them rov qab tam sim no me me txaus rau lub arc kom tua ib txwm muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rautransient av txhaum

Txo arc puas tsuaj:Tsawg qhov txhaum tam sim no txo ​​qis kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw txhaum

Kev cuam tshuam tsawg kawg nkaus:Txo hauv av-tam sim no txo ​​qis electromagnetic cuam tshuam nrog cov kab sib txuas lus nyob ze

Kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv:Kev ua haujlwm ib ntus (txog 2 teev) tso cai rau kev sib cais txhaum cai

Siv tau rau cov kev ua tsis raug ncua sijhawm:Feem ntau ib zaug ib zaug -faults hauv av nyob rau hauv cov kab overhead yog nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej

Rwb thaiv tsev Design Considerations

Zoo ib yam li ungrounded systems, lubtsis yog-fault theem voltages nce mus rau kab-rau- kab voltagethaum muaj kev txhaum hauv av. Yog li ntawd, tag nrhotheem- mus rau- hauv av rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kab puv - mus rau - kab hluav taws xob, uas nce cov nqi khoom siv piv rau cov khoom siv hauv av.

Daim ntawv thov Scenario

Arc suppression coil grounding feem ntau yog siv hauv:

Nruab nrab-voltage cable networksqhov twg capacitive tam sim no tshaj ungrounded system txwv

20-60 kV overhead kab networksnrog tseem ceeb capacitive tam sim no

Kev faib tawm hauv nroognrog nws kim heev cable infrastructure

Systems qhov kev pabcuam txuas ntxivyog qhov tseem ceeb tab sis capacitive tam sim no siab dhau rau kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj av

3. Kev Sib Txuas Lus Nruab Nrab (Direct Grounding)

Txoj Cai Kev Ua Haujlwm

Hauv ibsolidly grounded nruab nrab system, transformer nruab nrab point yogtxuas ncaj qha rau lub ntiaj tebnrog tsis txhob txwm impedance tso. Qhov nruab nrab point muaj peev xwm tseem nyob ntawmzero voltsnyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob - ib txwm los yog faulted.

Thaum aib zaug -theem- mus rau - av txhaumtshwm sim, lub faulted theem yog ncaj qha luv-circuited los ntawm lub fault point thiab lub hauv paus nruab nrab. Qhov no tsim covqhov siab tshaj plaws ua tau ib zaug - theem hauv av- tam sim no txhaum, uas feem ntau piv rau lossis loj dua peb -phase fault tam sim no.

 

Fault Cwj Pwm thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv

Tam sim no Fault Clearance

Vim lubav loj -fault tam sim no, kab faulted yuav tsumtam sim ntawd txiavlos ntawm kev tiv thaiv relays. Qhov no sib txawv hauv paus ntawm ungrounded thiab arc suppression coil systems, uas tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus ib ntus.

Relay tiv thaiv qhov zoo

Lub siab txhaum tam sim no muab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rautiv thaiv relaying:

Kev tiv thaiv yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha- overcurrent relays tuaj yeem tshawb pom qhov txhaum loj tam sim no

Xaiv qhov txhaum cais- qhov siab tam sim no ua rau nws ncaj nraim kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis raug thiab noj qab haus huv feeders

Fast txhaum clearance- kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm sai thiab raug, txo lub sijhawm ua txhaum thiab kev puas tsuaj

 

Auto-Reclose for Transient Faults

Lub Sijhawm Nthuav Tawm ntawm Av Faults

Kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm qhia tau hais tias hauv110 kV thiab siab dua networks, feem ntau ib leeg - theem av faults - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov nyob rauoverhead kis kab- yogtransient nyob rau hauv qhov. Ua rau muaj xws li:

xob laim ntaus ua rau ib ntus rwb thaiv tsev flashover

Cua- cua tshuab tau ib ntus hu rau cov neeg tsav tsheb

noog los yog tsiaj sib cuag

Cov pa phem-induced flashover uas nws tus kheej- clears

Auto- Rov qab Scheme

Tom qab lub faulted kab yog tripped, lubrwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov chaw txhaum feem ntau rov qab sai. Niaj hnub nimno solidly grounded systems sivTsis siv neeg rov kaw (ARC) cov khoom sivuas:

Mus rau kab faultedthaum nrhiav tau av txhaum

Tos lub sij hawm luv luv(feem ntau 0.3-1 thib ob) rau arc deionization

Tsis siv neeg rov-kaw lub breakermus kuaj seb qhov txhaum puas tau tshem tawm

Rov qab muaj zogyog tias qhov txhaum yog ncua sijhawm - uas nws yog nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej

Txoj kev no dramatically txhim khomuab kev ntseeg siabnyob rau hauv solidly grounded systems, mitigating lub ntsiab disadvantage ntawm tam sim ntawd txhaum clearance.

 

Rwb thaiv tsev tsim qhov zoo

Qhov Nyiaj Txiag Tseem Ceeb

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom zoo dua ntawm solidly grounded neutral systems yog qhov ntawdtsis yog -fault theem voltages tsis ncethaum lub sij hawm ib zaug - theem av txhaum. Txij li thaum qhov nruab nrab yog cov hauv av ruaj khov, theem - mus rau - qhov hluav taws xob hauv av ntawm cov theem noj qab haus huv tseem nyob ntawm theem ib txwm muaj hluav taws xob.

Qhov no txhais tau tias:

Theem - mus rau - av rwb thaiv tsevtsuas yog yuav tsum tau tsim rautheem voltage(tsis yog kab - rau - kab hluav taws xob)

Qhov notxo cov nqi rwb thaiv tsevrau transformers, cables, switchgear, thiab surge arresters

Covnyiaj txiag pab nce nrog qhov system voltage- qhov hluav taws xob siab dua, qhov nyiaj txuag ntau dua

 

Kev sib piv: Lub hauv paus ruaj khov vs. Lwm txoj hauv kev

Feature	Tsis muaj av	Arc Suppression Coil	Khiav pem teb
Fault tam sim no magnitude	Me me (capacitive)	Tsawg heev (tseem tshuav)	Loj (luv-circuit)
Tsis yog -fault theem voltage thaum ua txhaum	√3 × theem voltage	√3 × theem voltage	Theem voltage (tsis hloov)
Rwb thaiv tsev theem yuav tsum tau	Kab - mus rau - kab voltage	Kab - mus rau - kab voltage	Phase voltage
Ua txhaum clearance	Phau ntawv los yog ncua sij hawm	Ncua sijhawm (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 teev)	Tam sim no (automatic)
Kev tiv thaiv nyuaj	nyuaj	nyuaj	Yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha
Kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv thaum ua txhaum	Yog (temporary)	Yog (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 teev)	Tsis yog (tawm tam sim ntawd)
Arc tus kheej -extinguishing	Nyuaj (siab Ic)	Yog (compensated)	Tsis siv tau
Auto- rov qab siv tau	txwv	txwv	Ua tau zoo heev
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws voltage range	3-10 kV	10-60 kV	110 kV thiab siab dua
Economic kom zoo dua	Tsawg (siab rwb thaiv tsev nqi)	Nruab nrab	High (qis rwb thaiv tsev nqi)

 

Hom kev siv ntawm Solidly Grounded Systems

Soidly grounded neutral systems yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv:

High -voltage kis tau tus mob(110 kV, 220 kV, 500 kV thiab siab dua)

Hauv nroog nruab nrab-voltage distribution(10 kV, 35 kV) qhov kev ntseeg siab thiab kev tiv thaiv yooj yim yog qhov tseem ceeb

Loj muaj zog tshuabnrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab ntau lawm

Tsawg-voltage systems(380V / 400V / 480V) rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv

Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Xaiv: Xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo

Raws li Voltage Level

Voltage Ntau	Pom zoo Grounding Method	Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
Tsawg voltage (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1 kV)	Khoom hauv av	Kev nyab xeeb, kev tiv thaiv yooj yim
Qhov nruab nrab voltage (3-10 kV)	Ungrounded los yog arc suppression coil	Kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv; nyob ntawm capacitive tam sim no
Nruab nrab-siab voltage (20–60 kV)	Arc suppression coil	Capacitive tam sim no siab dhau rau ungrounded; insulation nqi tswj tau
High voltage (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 110 kV)	Khoom hauv av	Economic rwb thaiv tsev txuag; yooj yim, txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv

Raws li qhov System Requirements

Yog tias kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv yog qhov tseem ceeb→ Arc suppression coil lossis ungrounded system

Yog hais tias yooj yim, txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau→ Solidly grounded system

Yog hais tias cable network nrog high capacitive tam sim no→ Arc suppression coil

Yog hais tias overhead kab network nrog ib ntus faults→ Lub hauv paus ruaj khov nrog nws pib- rov qab kaw

 

Xaus

Covarc suppression coil grounding systemthiab covsolidly grounded nruab nrab systemsawv cev rau ob txoj hauv kev sib txawv rau lub zog nruab nrab hauv av, txhua qhov muaj qhov zoo sib xws:

Arc suppression coil groundingexcels hauv nruab nrab-voltage networks qhov twgkev pabcuam txuas ntxivthiabarc tus kheej -extinguishingtseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev them nqi hluav taws xob tam sim no, nws ua rau kev ua haujlwm ib ntus thiab ntuj arc extinction, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov cables thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb.

Solidly grounded nruab nrab systemsdominate high-voltage transmissions networks qhov twg cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luamtxo cov kev xav tau ntawm rwb thaiv tsevthiab kev ntseeg ntawmyooj yim, ceev tiv thaiv schemesoutweigh qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua txhaum tam sim ntawd. Ua ke nrog nws pib-reclose thev naus laus zis, cov tshuab no ua tiav kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau.

Kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem hauv av no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kws tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev. NtawmZhejiang Rsafele Electric Co., Ltd., peb pab pawg kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem pab koj xaiv thiab siv cov kev daws teeb meem uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau koj daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo, kev ntseeg siab, thiab tus nqi- ua tau zoo rau koj lub zog hluav taws xob.